D-branes in Standard Model building, Gravity and Cosmology

TL;DR

This review discusses how D-branes are used to realize the Standard Model, explore gravity, and address cosmological issues, highlighting recent advances and alternative approaches to compactification.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in using D-branes for fundamental physics, including Standard Model realization, gravity, and cosmology.

Findings

D-branes enable new Standard Model constructions.

Brane-based gravity models offer alternatives to compactification.

Branes contribute to cosmological theories like inflation and dark energy.

Abstract

D-branes are by now an integral part of our toolbox towards understanding nature. In this review we will describe recent progress in their use to realize fundamental interactions. The realization of the Standard Model and relevant physics and problems will be detailed. New ideas on realizing 4-dimensional gravity use the brane idea in an important way. Such approaches will be reviewed and compared to the standard paradigm of compactification. Branes can play a pivotal role both in early- and late-universe cosmology mainly via the brane-universe paradigm. Brane realizations of various cosmological ideas (early inflation, sources for dark matter and dark energy, massive gravity etc) will be also reviewed.