Matrix General Relativity: A New Look at Old Problems

TL;DR

This paper introduces matrix general relativity, a novel approach describing gravity with matrix-valued fields, drawing an analogy with Yang-Mills theory, and explores its implications for high-energy physics and unification.

Contribution

It develops a matrix-valued extension of general relativity, defining new geometric structures and gauge symmetries, and proposes potential high-energy behaviors of gravitational degrees of freedom.

Findings

Defines matrix extensions of differential geometry for gravity.

Introduces a new gauge symmetry called 'gravicolor'.

Suggests high-energy symmetry breaking or confinement of gravitational degrees of freedom.

Abstract

We develop a novel approach to gravity that we call `matrix general relativity' (MGR) or `gravitational chromodynamics' (GCD or GQCD for quantum version). Gravity is described in this approach not by one Riemannian metric (i.e. a symmetric two-tensor field) but by a multiplet of such fields, or by a matrix-valued symmetric two-tensor field that satisfies certain conditions. We define the matrix extensions of standard constructions of differential geometry including connections and curvatures, and finally, an invariant functional of the new field that reduces to the standard Einstein action functional in the commutative (diagonal) case. Our main idea is the analogy with Yang-Mills theory (QCD and Standard Model). We call the new degrees of freedom of gravity associated with the matrix structure `gravitational color' or simply `gravicolor' and introduce a new gauge symmetry associated with this degree of freedom. As in the Standard Model there are two possibilities. First of all, it is possible that at high energies (say at Planckian scale) this symmetry is exact (symmetric phase), but at low energies it is badly broken, so that one tensor field remains massless (and gives general relativity) and the other ones become massive with the masses of Planckian scale. Second possibilty is that the additional degrees of freedom of gravitational field are confined within the Planckian scale. What one sees at large distances are singlets (invariants) of the new gauge symmetry.