Gauged Dimension Bubbles

TL;DR

This paper explores the electrodynamical effects of gauged dimension bubbles, which are 5d spacetime regions stabilized by trapped particles and photons, leading to unique stability and explosion phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a new stabilization mechanism for gauged dimension bubbles via trapped photons, extending previous neutral bubble models to include gauged U(1) symmetry.

Findings

Bubbles are nearly opaque to photons due to dielectric effects.

Photon trapping causes bubbles to slowly shrink and heat up.

Bubbles explode at a critical temperature, releasing radiation.

Abstract

Some of the peculiar electrodynamical effects associated with gauged ``dimension bubbles'' are presented. Such bubbles, which effectively enclose a region of 5d spacetime, can arise from a 5d theory with a compact extra dimension. Bubbles with thin domain walls can be stabilized against total collapse by the entrapment of light charged scalar bosons inside the bubble, extending the idea of a neutral dimension bubble to accommodate the case of a gauged U(1) symmetry. Using a dielectric approach to the 4d dilaton-Maxwell theory, it is seen that the bubble wall is almost totally opaque to photons, leading to a new stabilization mechanism due to trapped photons. Photon dominated bubbles very slowly shrink, resulting in a temperature increase inside the bubble. At some critical temperature, however, these bubbles explode, with a release of radiation.