Cosmic Strings and Quintessence

TL;DR

This paper introduces a Lorentz gauge invariant topological field theory in Riemann-Cartan spacetime, showing that a complex scalar field acts as an order parameter creating cosmic strings and behaving as quintessence, driving cosmic acceleration.

Contribution

It develops a new topological field theory linking cosmic strings and quintessence within a unified framework in Riemann-Cartan spacetime.

Findings

Zero points of the scalar field create cosmic strings.

The scalar field acts as dark energy causing accelerated expansion.

Provides a topological explanation for inflation and dark energy.

Abstract

We present a new Lorentz gauge invariant U(1) topological field theory in Riemann-Cartan spacetime manifold $U_{4}$. By virtue of the decomposition theory of U(1) gauge potential and the $ \phi $--mapping topological current theory, it is proved that the U(1) complex scalar field $\phi (x)$ can be looked upon as the order parameter field in our Universe, and the set of zero points of $\phi (x)$ create the cosmic strings as the spacetime defects in the early Universe. In the standard cosmology this complex scalar order parameter field possesses negative pressure, provides an accelerating expansion of Universe and be able to explain the inflation in the early Universe. Therefore this complex scalar field is not only the order parameter field created the cosmic strings, but also reasonably behaves as the quintessence, the dark energy.