Magnetized Type I Orbifolds in Four Dimensions

TL;DR

This paper reviews four-dimensional Z_2 x Z_2 orientifolds with internal magnetic fields, demonstrating how magnetized D9-branes can mimic D5-branes and produce chiral spectra with N=1 supersymmetry.

Contribution

It introduces specific examples of magnetized orientifolds in four dimensions that achieve chiral spectra and supersymmetry, expanding understanding of brane configurations in string theory.

Findings

Magnetized D9-branes can mimic D5-branes in four dimensions.

Chiral low-energy spectra are achievable with D5-branes parallel to magnetized directions.

Examples maintain N=1 supersymmetry in four-dimensional models.

Abstract

I review the basic features of four dimensional Z_2 x Z_2 (shift) orientifolds with internal magnetic fields, describing two examples with N=1 supersymmetry. As in the corresponding six-dimensional examples, D9-branes magnetized along four internal directions can mimic D5-branes, even in presence of multiplets of image branes localized on different fixed tori. Chiral low-energy spectra can be obtained if the model also contains D5-branes parallel to the magnetized directions.