Triplication of SU(5) monopoles

TL;DR

This paper explores the triplication of monopole solutions in SU(5) gauge theory, revealing three distinct bound states with monopole clouds that may shed light on the family structure of standard model particles.

Contribution

It identifies and characterizes the three-fold replication of monopoles in SU(5), linking non-Abelian monopole clouds to particle family structures.

Findings

Three distinct monopole bound states identified

Monopole clouds arise from non-Abelian SU(3) symmetry

Triplication may relate to standard model families

Abstract

We investigate all spherically symmetric fundamental monopole solutions with fixed topological charge in the SU(5) --> SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1)/Z_3xZ_2 symmetry breaking. We find that there is three-fold replication of the monopoles. The three copies correspond to bound states with ``monopole clouds'' arising from the non-Abelian nature of the SU(3) factor. The triplication of monopoles could help us understand the observed family structure of standard model particles.