Standard-model particles and interactions from field equations on spin 9+1 dimensional space

TL;DR

This paper derives standard-model particles and interactions from a Dirac equation formulated on a 9+1 dimensional extended spin space, revealing gauge symmetries, particle representations, and coupling constants.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach using a higher-dimensional Dirac equation to naturally produce standard-model gauge groups and particle content.

Findings

Emergence of SU(3) x SU(2)_L x U(1) gauge groups in 9+1 dimensions

Representation of particles with standard-model quantum numbers

Approximate values for coupling constants at tree level

Abstract

We consider a Dirac equation set on an extended spin space that contains fermion and boson solutions. At given dimension, it determines the scalar symmetries. The standard field equations can be equivalently written in terms of such degrees of freedom, and are similarly constrained. At 9+1 dimensions, the SU(3) X SU(2)_L X U(1) gauge groups emerge, as well as solution representations with quantum numbers of related gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, Higgs-like particles and others as lepto-quarks. Information on the coupling constants is also provided; e. g., for the hypercharge g'=(1/2) sqrt(3/5) ~ >.387, at tree level.