Low-energy scattering of extremal black holes by neutral matter

TL;DR

This paper studies the decay of near-extremal charged black holes including back-reaction effects, revealing an exponentially decreasing evaporation rate and discussing implications for the information loss paradox.

Contribution

It introduces a method to determine late-time Hawking flux in near-extremal black holes considering non-local effective actions and boundary conditions.

Findings

Evaporation rate decreases exponentially over time.

Leading order evaporation proportional to total mass.

Higher order terms involve stress-tensor moments.

Abstract

We investigate the decay of a spherically symmetric near-extremal charged black hole, including back-reaction effects, in the near-horizon region. The non-locality of the effective action controlling this process allows and also forces us to introduce a complementary set of boundary conditions which permit to determine the asymptotic late time Hawking flux. The evaporation rate goes down exponentially and admits an infinite series expansion in Planck's constant. At leading order it is proportional to the total mass and the higher order terms involve higher order momenta of the classical stress-tensor. Moreover we use this late time behaviour to go beyond the near-horizon approximation and comment on the implications for the information loss paradox.