The particle invariance in particle physics

TL;DR

This paper introduces the concept of particle invariance in physics, proposing a unified formalism for particles that bridges classical and quantum mechanics, leading to new relationships and insights into elementary particle interactions.

Contribution

It presents the principle of particle invariance, deriving quantum wave equations from relativistic mechanics and proposing an improved model for elementary particle interactions.

Findings

New relationships between classical and quantum equations

Derivation of quantum wave equations from relativistic mechanics

Enhanced understanding of elementary particle interactions

Abstract

Since the particles such as molecules, atoms and nuclei are composite particles, it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for the composite particles and their constituent particles, this requirement is called particle invariance in this paper. But difficulties arise immediately because for fermion we use Dirac equation, for meson we use Klein-Gordon equation and for classical particle we use Newtonian mechanics, while the connections between these equations are quite indirect. Thus if the particle invariance is held in physics, i.e., only one physical formalism exists for any particle, we can expect to find out the differences between these equations by employing the particle invariance. As the results, several new relationships between them are found, the most important result is that the obstacles that cluttered the path from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics are found, it becomes possible to derive the quantum wave equations from relativistic mechanics after the obstacles are removed. An improved model is proposed to gain a better understanding on elementary particle interactions. This approach offers enormous advantages, not only for giving the first physically reasonable interpretation of quantum mechanics, but also for improving quark model.