Particle creation in an oscillating spherical cavity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how oscillating spherical shells can generate massless scalar particles from the quantum vacuum via the dynamical Casimir effect, deriving particle creation formulas for small oscillation amplitudes.

Contribution

It introduces a perturbative method to analyze particle creation in a spherical cavity with oscillating radius, providing explicit formulas for different resonance conditions.

Findings

Derived particle number expressions for small amplitude oscillations

Analyzed parametric resonance and non-resonance cases

Applied time-dependent perturbation theory to quantum field in curved boundaries

Abstract

We study the creation of massless scalar particles from the quantum vacuum due to the dynamical Casimir effect by spherical shell with oscillating radius. In the case of a small amplitude of the oscillation, to solve the infinite set of coupled differential equations for the instantaneous basis expansion coefficients we use the method based on the time-dependent perturbation theory of the quantum mechanics. To the first order of the amplitude we derive the expressions for the number of the created particles for both parametric resonance and non-resonance cases.