Gravitational instantons, extra dimensions and form fields

TL;DR

This paper finds higher-dimensional instanton solutions in theories with gravity, scalar, and form fields, showing they can produce cosmological models with extra dimensions that are not hidden, especially in certain scalar potentials.

Contribution

It introduces a broad class of instanton solutions with warp product metrics including many cosmologically relevant compactifications, extending the understanding of higher-dimensional quantum cosmology.

Findings

Dominant instantons are higher-dimensional Hawking Turok types.

No integrable instantons found for supergravity and superstring effective theories.

Extra dimensions can be of equal size and observable in the instanton solutions.

Abstract

A broad class of higher dimensional instanton solutions are found for a theory which contains gravity, a scalar field and antisymmetric tensor fields of arbitrary rank. The metric used, a warp product of an arbitrary number of any compact Einstein manifolds, includes many of great interest in particle physics and cosmology. For example 4D FRW universes with additional dimensions compactified on a Calabi-Yau three fold, a torus, a compact hyperbolic manifold or a sphere are all included. It is shown that the solution of this form which dominates the Hartle Hawking path integral is always a higher dimensional generalisation of a Hawking Turok instanton when the potential of the scalar field is such that these instantons can exist. On continuation to Lorentzian signature such instantons give rise to a spacetime in which all of the spatial dimensions are of equal size and where the spatial topology is that of a sphere. The extra dimensions are thus not hidden. In the case where the potential for the scalar field is generated solely by a dilatonic coupling to the form fields we find no integrable instantons at all. In particular we find no integrable solutions of the type under consideration for the supergravity theories which are the low energy effective field theories of superstrings.