Low-energy propagation modes on string network

TL;DR

This paper investigates low-energy propagation modes on a 2D hexagonal string network, revealing Maxwell-like behavior and symmetry properties, with implications for understanding effective Lorentz symmetry violation at high energies.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of low-energy modes on a string network lattice, connecting lattice deformations to gauge symmetry and effective field theories.

Findings

Low-energy modes follow Maxwell theory.

Gauge symmetry arises from lattice deformations.

Lorentz symmetry is violated at high energies.

Abstract

We study low-energy propagation modes on string network lattice. Specifically, we consider an infinite two-dimensional regular hexagonal string network and analyze the low frequency propagation modes on it. The fluctuation modes tangent to the two-dimensional plane respect the spatial rotational symmetry on the plane, and are described by Maxwell theory. The gauge symmetry comes from the marginal deformation of changing the sizes of the loops of the lattice. The effective Lorentz symmetry respected at low energy will be violated at high energy.