First Order Phase Transitions in a Bianchi type-I universe

TL;DR

This paper investigates first order phase transitions in a Bianchi type-I universe using a $\, ext{phi}^6$ potential model, analyzing the effects of curvature and temperature on early universe phase behavior.

Contribution

It demonstrates the regularization of $\, ext{phi}^6$ theory in curved spacetime and clarifies the nature of early universe phase transitions as first order.

Findings

Phase transitions are of first order in the early universe.

The $\, ext{phi}^6$ theory can be regularized in (3+1)D curved spacetime.

Spacetime curvature and field coupling influence phase transition characteristics.

Abstract

Considering the theory of induced gravity coupled to matter fields, taking the $\phi ^6$ interaction potential model we evaluate the one-loop effective potential in a (3+1)dimensional Bianchi type-I spacetime. It is proved that the $\phi ^6$ theory can be regularised in (3+1)dimensional curved spacetime. We evaluate the finite temperature effective potential and study the temperature dependence of phase transitions. The nature of phase transitions in the early universe is clarified to be of first order. The effects of spacetime curvature and arbitrary field coupling on the phase transitions in the early universe are also discussed.