Lattice Evidence for Gauge Field Localization on a Brane

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that gauge fields can be localized on a four-dimensional brane within higher-dimensional theories, using lattice simulations of a five-dimensional U(1) gauge model, revealing a new layer phase with a localized massless photon.

Contribution

It introduces two lattice models showing gauge field localization on a brane, including a novel layer phase with a second order phase transition.

Findings

Gauge fields can be localized in higher-dimensional models.

A new layer phase exists with a localized massless photon.

The layer phase is separated from strong coupling by a second order transition.

Abstract

We examine the problem of gauge-field localization in higher-dimensional gauge theories. In particular, we study a five-dimensional U(1) by lattice techniques and we find that gauge fields can indeed be localized. Two models are considered. The first one has anisotropic couplings independent of each other and of the coordinates. It can be realized on a homogeneous but anisotropic flat Euclidean space. The second model has couplings depending on the extra transverse fifth direction. This model can be realized by a U(1) gauge theory on the Randall-Sundrum background. We find that in both models a new phase exists, the layer phase, in which a massless photon is localized on the four-dimensional layers. We find that this phase is separated from the strong coupling phase by a second order phase transition.