Entrapment of a Network of Domain Walls
D. Bazeia, F.A. Brito

TL;DR
This paper investigates a theoretical model where a network of domain walls and junctions in scalar fields can form complex structures, including spherical and fullerene-like configurations, with potential cosmological implications.
Contribution
It introduces a novel model of scalar fields with Z_2 x Z_3 symmetry that produces intricate defect networks and explores their possible shapes and cosmological relevance.
Findings
Formation of hexagonal networks of domain walls with Z_3 symmetry.
Potential creation of spherical and fullerene-like defect structures.
Applications to cosmological defect scenarios outlined.
Abstract
We explore the idea of a network of defects to live inside a domain wall in models of three real scalar fields, engendering the Z_2 x Z_3 symmetry. The field that governs the Z_2 symmetry generates a domain wall, and entraps the hexagonal network formed by the three-junctions of the model of two scalar fields that describes the remaining Z_3 symmetry. If the host domain wall bends to the spherical form, in the thin wall approximation there may appear non-topological structures hosting networks that accept diverse patterns. If Z_3 is also broken, the model may generate a buckyball containing sixty junctions, a fullerene-like structure. Applications to cosmology are outlined.
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