Comparison between variable flavor number schemes for charm quark electroproduction
A. Chuvakin, J. Smith, W.L. van Neerven

TL;DR
This paper compares different variable flavor number schemes for charm quark electroproduction, introducing a new scheme called CSN that uses massive heavy quark coefficient functions, and discusses modifications to existing equations.
Contribution
It proposes a new VFNS scheme named CSN with massive heavy quark coefficients and revises key equations for improved accuracy.
Findings
CSN scheme provides a different approach to charm quark electroproduction.
Revisions to equations enhance the scheme's consistency.
Comparison results show differences between schemes.
Abstract
Where appropriate, the abbreviation 'VFNS' is replaced by 'CSN' to indicate the scheme using massive heavy quark coefficient functions proposed in this paper. The text below Eq. (2.13) and between Eqs. (2.33) and (2.36) has been considerably changed.
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