Massive Higher-dimensional Gauge Fields as Messengers of Supersymmetry Breaking

TL;DR

This paper proposes a model where higher-dimensional gauge fields in theories with extra dimensions act as messengers of supersymmetry breaking, leading to flavor-conserving scalar masses and realistic phenomenology.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism where bulk U(1) gauge fields on branes transmit supersymmetry breaking, naturally suppressing flavor violation and addressing key phenomenological issues.

Findings

Scalar mass-squared terms are flavor universal and suppressed.

Gaugino masses can be generated via bulk gauge fields.

Realistic supersymmetry breaking scenarios are achievable with order-one parameters or strong coupling.

Abstract

We consider theories with one or more compact dimensions with size r > 1/M, where M is the fundamental Planck scale, with the visible and hidden sectors localized on spatially separated "3-branes." We show that a bulk U(1) gauge field spontaneously broken on the hidden-sector 3-brane is an attractive candidate for the messenger of supersymmetry breaking. In this scenario scalar mass-squared terms are proportional to U(1) charges, and therefore naturally conserve flavor. Arbitrary flavor violation at the Planck scale gives rise to exponentially suppressed flavor violation at low energies. Gaugino masses can be generated if the standard gauge fields propagate in the bulk; \mu and B\mu terms can be generated by the Giudice-Masiero or by the VEV of a singlet in the visible sector. The latter case naturally solves the SUSY CP problem. Realistic phenomenology can be obtained either if all microscopic parameters are order one in units of M, or if the theory is strongly coupled at the scale M. (For the latter case, we estimate parameters by extending "naive dimensional analysis" to higher-dimension theories with branes.) In either case, the only unexplained hierarchy is the "large" size of the extra dimensions in fundamental units, which need only be an order of magnitude. All soft masses are naturally within an order of magnitude of m_{3/2}, and trilinear scalar couplings are negligible. Squark and slepton masses can naturally unify even in the absence of grand unification.