Universal Seesaw Mass Matrix Model with an S_3 Symmetry

TL;DR

This paper proposes a universal seesaw mass matrix model incorporating S_3 symmetry, which explains fermion mass hierarchies and predicts relations among charged lepton masses.

Contribution

It introduces an S_3 symmetric framework for the universal seesaw model with spontaneous symmetry breaking, offering new insights into fermion mass structures.

Findings

Derives a novel relation for charged lepton masses.

Demonstrates the invariance of M_F under S_3 symmetry.

Shows how spontaneous breaking of S_3 influences mass matrices.

Abstract

Stimulated by the phenomenological success of the universal seesaw mass matrix model, where the mass terms for quarks and leptons f_i (i=1,2,3) and hypothetical super-heavy fermions F_i are given by \bar{f}_L m_L F_R +\bar{F}_L m_R f_R + \bar{F}_L M_F F_R + h.c. and the form of M_F is democratic on the bases on which m_L and m_R are diagonal, the following model is discussed: The mass terms M_F are invariant under the permutation symmetry S_3, and the mass terms m_L and m_R are generated by breaking the S_3 symmetry spontaneously. The model leads to an interesting relation for the charged lepton masses.