Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and Stable H-dibaryon

TL;DR

This paper predicts a stable, deeply bound H-dibaryon with mass below twice the nucleon mass, which could explain ultra-high energy cosmic ray events above the GZK cutoff through its interactions with Earth's atmosphere.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical prediction of a stable H-dibaryon with specific mass, suggesting its role in cosmic-ray phenomena and potential impact on cosmic-ray spectrum cut-offs.

Findings

H-dibaryon mass estimated at 1718 MeV

H-dibaryon predicted to be stable due to deep binding

Possible explanation for ultra-high energy cosmic rays above GZK cutoff

Abstract

It is shown that an instanton induced interaction between quarks produces a very deeply bound H-dibaryon with mass below 2M_N, M_H=1718 MeV. Therefore the H-dibaryon is predicted to be a stable particle. The reaction of photodisintegration of H-dibaryon to $2\Lambda$ in during of its penetration into cosmic microwave background will result in a new possible cut-off in the cosmic-ray spectrum. This provides an explanation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray events observed above the GZK cut-off as a result of the strong interaction of high energy H-dibaryons from cosmic rays with nuclei in Earth's atmosphere.