A nonextensive thermodynamical equilibrium approach in $e^+ e^- \to hadrons$

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a nonextensive thermodynamical approach using Tsallis statistics effectively explains the transverse momentum distribution of hadrons in electron-positron collisions, capturing deviations from exponential behavior and showing energy-independent temperature.

Contribution

The study introduces a nonextensive thermodynamical model to describe hadron transverse momentum spectra, successfully fitting experimental data across a wide energy range and revealing a universal temperature.

Findings

Good fit to experimental $p_t$ spectra from 14 GeV to 161 GeV.

The temperature parameter remains constant across different primary energies.

Nonextensive statistics naturally explains deviations from exponential distributions.

Abstract

We show that the inclusion of long distance effect, expected in strong interactions, through a nonextensive thermodynamical approach is able to explain the experimental distribution of the transverse momentum of the hadrons with respect to the jet axis ($p_{t}$) $e^+ e^- \to hadron$ reaction. The observed deviation from the exponential behavior, predicted by the Boltzmann-Gibbs thermodynamical treatment, is automatically recovered by the nonextensive Tsallis statistics used here. We fitted the observed $p_{t}$ spectrum in the range of 14 GeV to 161 GeV and obtained, besides a good fit, the theoretical important fact that the temperature becomes independent of the primary energy.