The Dualized Standard Model and its Applications---an Interim Report

TL;DR

The paper introduces the Dualized Standard Model based on nonabelian duality, explaining fermion generations, mass hierarchies, and making testable predictions consistent with experimental data, including neutrino mixing and rare decay processes.

Contribution

It proposes a novel nonabelian duality framework that naturally explains three fermion generations and provides a perturbative method to calculate fermion masses and mixings.

Findings

Good agreement with experimental CKM and lepton mixing matrices

Near maximal neutrino mixing consistent with SuperKamiokande observations

Predictions for rare meson decays and ultra-high energy cosmic ray phenomena

Abstract

Based on a nonabelian generalization of electric-magnetic duality, the Dualized Standard Model (DSM) suggests a natural explanation for exactly 3 generations of fermions as the `dual colour' $\widetilde{SU}(3)$ symmetry broken in a particular manner. The resulting scheme then offers on the one hand a fermion mass hierarchy and a perturbative method for calculating the mass and mixing parameters of the Standard Model fermions, and on the other testable predictions for new phenomena ranging from rare meson decays to ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Calculations to 1-loop order gives, at the cost of adjusting only 3 real parameters, values for the following quantities all (except one) in very good agreement with experiment: the quark CKM matrix elements $|V_{rs}|$, the lepton CKM matrix elements $|U_{rs}|$, and the second generation masses $m_c, m_s, m_\mu$. This means, in particular, that it gives near maximal mixing $U_{\mu3}$ between $\nu_\mu$ and $\nu_\tau$ as observed by SuperKamiokande, Kamiokande and Soudan, while keeping small the corresponding quark angles $V_{cb}, V_{ts}$. In addition, the scheme gives (i) rough order-of-magnitude estimates for the masses of the lowest generation, (ii) predictions for low energy FCNC effects such as $K_L \to e \mu$, (iii) a possible explanation for the long-standing puzzle of air showers beyond the GZK cut-off. All these together, however, still represent but a portion of the possible physical consequences derivable from the DSM scheme the majority of which are yet to be explored.