A Dynamical Mechanism for Quark Mixing and Neutrino Oscillations

TL;DR

This paper proposes a gauge symmetry-based mechanism with a Higgs process to explain fermion mixing patterns and mass hierarchies, aligning with observed quark and neutrino behaviors.

Contribution

It introduces a dynamical gauge symmetry and Higgs mechanism framework that accounts for fermion mixing and mass hierarchies, matching empirical data.

Findings

Explains near-maximal muon neutrino mixing (U_{μ3})

Accounts for small corner elements in mixing matrices

Automatically generates hierarchical fermion masses

Abstract

We show that assuming fermion generations to be given by a gauge symmetry plus a certain Higgs mechanism for its breaking, the known empirical features of quark and lepton mixing can be largely explained, including in particular the fact that the mixing (CKM) matrix element $U_{\mu3}$ responsible for the muon anomaly in atmospheric neutrinos is near maximal and much larger than their quark counterparts $V_{cb}$ and $ V_{ts}$, while the corner elements for both quarks ($V_{ub}, V_{td}$) and leptons ($U_{e3}$) are all very small. The mechanism also gives automatically a hierarchical fermion mass spectrum which is intimately related to the mixing pattern.