Brane-bulk energy exchange and the Universe as a global attractor

TL;DR

This paper explores a brane-world cosmology model with energy exchange between matter and dark energy, showing it predicts a universe consistent with current observations and features a dynamic dark energy equation of state.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of a unique global attractor in brane-world models with energy exchange, aligning with observed cosmic acceleration and evolving dark energy properties.

Findings

Predicts a dark energy equation of state w_{DE,0} between -1.4 and -1.03

Shows the universe can be a late-time attractor with accelerated expansion

Dark energy equation of state crosses the w_{DE}=-1 line during evolution

Abstract

The assumption that our Universe is close to a late time fixed point of the equations of cosmology, leads to a modification of the latter to include energy exchange between the matter and the "dark energy". The brane-world scenario provides a natural set-up for such energy exchange and is analyzed in detail. The role of brane-bulk energy exchange and of an induced gravity term on a single braneworld of negative tension and vanishing effective cosmological constant is studied. It is shown that for the physically interesting cases of dust and radiation a unique global attractor which can realize our present universe (accelerating and $0<\Omega_{m0}<1$) exists for a wide range of the parameters of the model. For $\Omega_{m0}=0.3$, independently of the other parameters, the model predicts that the equation of state for the dark energy today is $w_{DE,0}=-1.4$, while $\Omega_{m0}=0.03$ leads to $w_{DE,0}=-1.03$. In addition, during its evolution, $w_{DE}$ crosses the $w_{DE}=-1$ line to smaller values.