Electroweak/GUT Domain Wall by Hawking Radiation: Baryogenesis and Dark Matter from Several Hundred kg Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper explores how small black holes can create domain walls via Hawking radiation, leading to mechanisms for baryogenesis and dark matter production in the early universe.

Contribution

It introduces two types of domain walls formed by Hawking radiation and proposes a cosmological model linking primordial black holes to baryon asymmetry and dark matter.

Findings

Electroweak domain wall forms around black holes of several hundred kg.

GUT domain wall forms around smaller black holes as a dynamical wall.

The model explains baryon asymmetry and dark matter origin from primordial black holes.

Abstract

A spherical domain wall around a small black hole is formed by the Hawking radiation from the black hole in the symmetry-broken-phase of the field theory, e.g., the Standard Model (SM) and the Grand Unified Theory (GUT) which have a property of the phase transition. We have obtained two types of the spherical domain wall; (a) thermalized wall which is formed by the local heating up near black hole and symmetry restore locally and (b) dynamical wall which is formed by the balance between the pressure from the Hawking radiation and the pressure from the wall tensions. The electroweak wall is formed as a thermalized wall around a black hole with mass of the several hundred kilogram. The GUT wall is formed as a dynamical wall around much smaller black hole. The electroweak wall around a black hole can produce baryon number by the assumption of the CP-broken phase in the wall. The GUT wall can supply charge into the black hole, namely, the wall causes the spontaneous charging up of the black hole. We propose a cosmological model which can explain the origin of the baryon number and the cold dark matter by the primordial black hole with mass of the several hundred kilogram.