Prospect of a very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment: HIPA to Beijing

TL;DR

This paper evaluates the potential of a very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment from HIPA to Beijing, identifying an optimal distance and proposing a large water Cherenkov detector for comprehensive physics measurements.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of baseline distances for neutrino experiments and proposes a large water Cherenkov detector, highlighting its multifaceted scientific capabilities.

Findings

Baseline over 2100 km is optimal for neutrino oscillation measurements.

A large water Cherenkov detector performs well in simulations.

The detector can also contribute to cosmic-ray and astrophysics research.

Abstract

We discuss the prospects of a very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment from HIPA to Beijing. The current understanding of neutrino oscillations, both theoretically and experimentally, are summarized. The figure of merits for interested physics measurements are defined and compared at different distances: 300 km, 700 km, 2100 km and 3000 km. We conclude that a baseline more than 2100 km is optimal. A large water cerenkov calorimeter was proposed and its performance is satisfactory from a Monte Carlo simulation study. Such a large detector can do many other measurements on cosmic-rays physics and astrophysics.