Breaking democracy with non renormalizable mass terms

TL;DR

This paper explores how non-renormalizable mass terms break democratic quark mass matrices derived from family symmetry, proposing a simple model that accurately reproduces quark masses and mixings.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach using non-renormalizable operators to break family symmetry and successfully explain quark mass hierarchies and mixing angles.

Findings

Correct quark masses achieved

Accurate quark mixing angles reproduced

Simple ansatz effectively models symmetry breaking

Abstract

The exact democratic structure for the quark mass matrix, resulting from the action of the family symmetry group $A_{3L}\times A_{3R}$, is broken by the vaccum expectation values of heavy singlet fields appearing in non renormalizable dimension 6 operators. Within this specific context of breaking of the family symmetry we formulate a very simple ansatz which leads to correct quark masses and mixings.