# Phase Structure of Lattice QCD at Finite Density with Dynamical Fermions

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the phase structure of lattice QCD at finite density, revealing a low critical chemical potential and the persistence of quenched theory artifacts even with dynamical fermions.

## Contribution

It provides a comparative analysis of the chemical potential onset in different lattice sizes and explores the effects of dynamical fermions on phase transition signals.

## Key findings

- Critical chemical potential is approximately 0.1 in lattice units.
- Evidence of Z(3) tunnelling at the phase transition.
- Quenched theory artifacts persist despite dynamical fermions.

## Abstract

We compare the chemical potential associated with the onset of non-zero baryon number density on $6^4$ and $8^4$ lattices at $\beta=5.1$ and ma=0.01. We provide evidence for $Z(3)$ tunnelling. We determine a critical chemical potential of $\mu a \simeq 0.1$ which is unexpectedly low. We also determine the dependence of the onset of the observed phase transition on the quark mass. The physically misleading result of the quenched theory is shown to persist despite the inclusion of the complex fermion determinant.