# Condensation of vortices in the X-Y model in 3d: a disorder parameter

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a disorder parameter to detect vortex condensation in the 3D X-Y model, validated through numerical lattice simulations, offering a new tool for understanding phase transitions involving vortices.

## Contribution

The paper develops and tests a novel disorder parameter that signals vortex condensation in the 3D X-Y model, advancing methods for studying topological phase transitions.

## Key findings

- Disorder parameter successfully signals vortex condensation.
- Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the parameter.
- Provides new insights into vortex behavior in 3D systems.

## Abstract

A disorder parameter is constructed which signals the condensation of vortices. The construction is tested by numerical simulations on lattice.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/hep-lat/9608014