# Dual Abrikosov vortices in U(1) and SU(2) lattice gauge theories

## TL;DR

This paper reviews the detection and analysis of dual Abrikosov vortices in lattice gauge theories, providing insights into dual superconductivity and the behavior of vortices in U(1) and SU(2) models.

## Contribution

It presents methods for identifying vortices and calculating superconductivity parameters in lattice simulations, and discusses the duality transformation linking U(1) results to dual Higgs theories.

## Key findings

- Direct observation of dual Abrikosov vortices in U(1) and SU(2) theories.
- System appears near the boundary between type I and II superconductivity.
- Analysis of the response of persistent currents to external fields.

## Abstract

The spatial distribution of fields and currents in confining theories can give direct evidence of dual superconductivity. We review the behavior of vortices in the lattice Higgs effective theory. We discuss the techniques for finding these properties and calculating the superconductivity parameters in lattice simulations. We have seen dual Abrikosov vortices directly in pure U(1) and SU(2) and others have also seen them in SU(3). We review the duality transformation for U(1) in order to connect the U(1) results to a dual Higgs theory. In the non-Abelian cases the system appears to be near the borderline between type I and II. We also discuss the response of the persistent currents to external fields.