Finite Density Results for Wilson Fermions Using the Volume Method

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the volume method enables stable and efficient finite density calculations with Wilson fermions, providing new insights into nonzero chemical potential studies in lattice QCD.

Contribution

The authors show that the volume method can be effectively applied to Wilson fermions, overcoming previous computational challenges in finite baryon density simulations.

Findings

Stable results obtained on small configurations

Method applicable to various gauge-invariant quantities

Illustrative results for condensates at different chemical potentials

Abstract

Nonzero chemical potential studies with Wilson fermions should avoid the proliferation of flavor-equivalent nucleon states encountered with staggered formulation of fermions. However, conventional wisdom has been that finite baryon density calculations with Wilson fermions will be prohibitively expensive. We demonstrate that the volume method applied to Wilson fermions gives surprisingly stable results on a small number of configurations. It is pointed out that this method may be applied to any local or nonlocal gauge invariant quantity. Some illustrative results for $<\overline{\psi}\psi>$ and $< J >$ at various values of $\mu$ in a quenched lattice simulation are given.