Instanton size distributions from calibrated cooling

TL;DR

This paper investigates instanton size distributions in the vacuum of 2D O(3) and 4D SU(2) gauge theories using a calibrated cooling algorithm to compare effects across lattice spacings.

Contribution

It introduces a calibrated cooling method to analyze instanton distributions consistently across different lattice spacings in gauge theories.

Findings

Calibrated cooling effectively preserves physical features across lattice spacings.

Instanton size distributions can be reliably extracted using the proposed method.

The approach enhances understanding of vacuum structure in gauge theories.

Abstract

Using an under-relaxed cooling algorithm we investigated the vacuum in the $2d\ O(3)$ model and $4d$ pure gauge $SU(2)$. We calibrated the amount of cooling performed to have similar physical effect at different lattice spacings.