Bound States of (Anti-)Scalar-Quarks in SU(3)_c Lattice QCD

TL;DR

This study uses lattice QCD to explore the mass generation of hypothetical scalar-quark bound states, revealing that all colored particles tend to acquire large effective masses from gluon interactions.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of scalar-quark hadrons and demonstrates their large mass due to gluon quantum corrections, a novel insight into mass generation mechanisms.

Findings

Scalar-quark mesons and baryons have large masses despite zero bare mass.

Bound states involving scalar-quarks are significantly heavier due to gluon effects.

All colored particles tend to gain large effective masses from gluon dressing.

Abstract

Light scalar-quarks \phi (colored scalar particles or idealized diquarks) and their color-singlet hadronic states are studied with quenched SU(3)_c lattice QCD in terms of mass generation. We investigate ``scalar-quark mesons'' \phi^\dagger \phi and ``scalar-quark baryons'' \phi\phi\phi as the bound states of scalar-quarks \phi. We also investigate the bound states of scalar-quarks \phi and quarks \psi, i.e., \phi^\dagger \psi, \psi\psi\phi and \phi\phi\psi, which we name ``chimera hadrons''. All the new-type hadrons including \phi are found to have a large mass due to large quantum corrections by gluons, even for zero bare scalar-quark mass m_\phi=0 at a^{-1}\sim 1{\rm GeV}. We conjecture that all colored particles generally acquire a large effective mass due to dressed gluon effects.