Gluon mass generation and infrared Abelian dominance in Yang-Mills theory

TL;DR

This paper investigates gauge-invariant mechanisms for gluon mass generation and Abelian dominance in Yang-Mills theory, supporting quark confinement without breaking color symmetry.

Contribution

It introduces a gauge-invariant lattice formulation that confirms infrared Abelian dominance and gluon mass generation, independent of gauge fixing.

Findings

Reproduces results similar to maximal Abelian gauge

Supports gauge-invariant evidence for magnetic monopoles

Shows color symmetry preservation in confinement mechanisms

Abstract

The dual superconductivity is believed to be a promising mechanism for quark confinement. Indeed, what this picture is true has been confirmed in the maximal Abelian (MA) gauge. However, it is not yet confirmed in any other gauge and the MA gauge explicitly breaks color symmetry. To remedy this defect, we propose to use our compact formulation of a non-linear change of variables on a lattice. This formulation has succeeded to extract the magnetic monopole with integer-valued magnetic charge in the gauge-invariant way. In this talk, we present measurements of various correlation functions for the operators constructed from the CFN variables in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. Some of our results reproduce previous results obtained in MA gauge, e.g., DeGrant-Toussaint monopole, infrared Abelian dominance and off-diagonal gluon mass generation. These studies preserve color symmetry, in sharp contrast to the conventional MA gauge. We argue the gauge fixing independence of these results and the implications to quark confinement