Model independent approach to studies of the confining dual Abrikosov vortex in SU(2) lattice gauge theory

TL;DR

This paper investigates the nature of the dual Abrikosov vortex in SU(2) lattice gauge theory, challenging the applicability of the dual Ginzburg Landau Higgs model and emphasizing a model-independent analysis respecting Maxwell's equations.

Contribution

It introduces a model-independent method to study the dual Abrikosov vortex in SU(2) gauge theory, questioning previous interpretations based on the dual Ginzburg Landau Higgs model.

Findings

Electric currents challenge the dual Ginzburg Landau Higgs model

Different definitions of penetration depth yield different values

Conclusions differ from those based on the dual GLH model

Abstract

We address the problem of determining the type I, type II or borderline dual superconductor behavior in maximal Abelian gauge SU(2) through the study of the dual Abrikosov vortex. We find that significant electric currents in the simulation data call into question the use of the dual Ginzburg Landau Higgs model in interpreting the data. Further, two definitions of the penetration depth parameter take two different values. The splitting of this parameter into two is intricately connected to the existence of electric currents. It is important in our approach that we employ definitions of flux and electric and magnetic currents that respect Maxwell equations exactly for lattice averages independent of lattice spacings. Applied to specific Wilson loop sizes, our conclusions differ from those that use the dual GLH model.