The monopole content of topological clusters : have KvB calorons been found?

TL;DR

This study investigates topological clusters in SU(2) lattice gauge theory at finite temperature, identifying monopole content consistent with Kraan-van Baal calorons and dyons, thus advancing understanding of topological objects in gauge theories.

Contribution

It provides evidence that certain topological clusters correspond to nonstatic calorons or static dyons with non-trivial holonomy, using monopole analysis in specific gauges.

Findings

Clusters exhibit monopole content consistent with calorons and dyons.

Polyakov loop behavior supports the caloron/dyon interpretation.

Topological charges align with Kraan-van Baal solutions.

Abstract

Using smearing of equilibrium lattice fields generated at finite temperature in the confined phase of SU(2) lattice gauge theory, we have investigated the emerging topological objects (clusters of topological charge). Analysing their monopole content according to the Polyakov gauge and the maximally Abelian gauge, we characterize part of them to correspond to nonstatic calorons or static dyons in the context of Kraan-van Baal caloron solutions with non-trivial holonomy. The behaviour of the Polyakov loop inside these clusters and the (model-dependent) topological charges of these objects support this interpretation.