Dirac zero-modes in compact U(1) gauge theory
Thomas Drescher, C. B. Lang

TL;DR
This paper investigates the localization properties of zero and near-zero eigenmodes of the overlap Dirac operator in compact U(1) gauge theory, revealing phase-dependent behaviors in confinement and Coulomb phases.
Contribution
It provides a detailed analysis of eigenmode localization in different phases of compact U(1) gauge theory, highlighting the phase transition effects on zero-modes.
Findings
Zero-modes are localized in the confinement phase.
Non-zero eigenmodes are less localized in the confinement phase.
No zero-modes are observed in the Coulomb phase.
Abstract
We study properties of the zero and near-zero eigenmodes of the overlap Dirac operator in compact U(1) gauge theory. In the confinement phase the exact zero-modes are localized as found by studying the values of the inverse participation ratio and other features. Non-zero-eigenmodes are less localized in the confinement phase. In the Coulomb phase no zero-modes are observed and the eigenmodes show no localization at all.
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