Before sailing on a domain-wall sea
Maarten Golterman, Yigal Shamir

TL;DR
The paper analyzes the impact of residual masses in domain-wall fermion simulations on systematic errors, emphasizing the need for optimized actions and specific residual mass thresholds to ensure accuracy.
Contribution
It highlights the different roles of valence and sea-quark residual masses and provides guidelines for controlling systematic errors in domain-wall fermion simulations.
Findings
Valence-quark residual mass can cause larger systematic errors.
Residual mass thresholds for 1% systematic error are estimated.
Mixed schemes and improved actions are recommended for better accuracy.
Abstract
We discuss the very different roles of the valence-quark and the sea-quark residual masses ( and ) in dynamical domain-wall fermions simulations. Focusing on matrix elements of the effective weak hamiltonian containing a power divergence, we find that can be a source of a much bigger systematic error. To keep all systematic errors due to residual masses at the 1% level, we estimate that one needs and , at a lattice spacing fm. The practical implications are that (1) optimal use of computer resources calls for a mixed scheme with different domain-wall fermion actions for the valence and sea quarks; (2) better domain-wall fermion actions are needed for both the sea and the valence sectors.
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