The dual Meissner effect in SU(2) Landau gauge

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the dual Meissner effect in SU(2) Landau gauge without monopoles, showing electric field squeezing and mass generation linked to gluon condensates, challenging the monopole-centric view.

Contribution

It reveals the dual Meissner effect occurs without monopoles in SU(2) Landau gauge, highlighting magnetic displacement currents as key players.

Findings

Electric and non-Abelian electric fields are squeezed.

Magnetic displacement currents act as solenoidal currents.

Massive Abelian electric fields relate to gluon condensates.

Abstract

The dual Meissner effect is observed without monopoles in quenched SU(2) QCD with Landau gauge-fixing. Abelian as well as non-Abelian electric fields are squeezed. Magnetic displacement currents which are time-dependent Abelian magnetic fields play a role of solenoidal currents squeezing Abelian electric fields. Monopoles are not always necessary to the dual Meissner effect. The squeezing of the electric flux means the dual London equation and the massiveness of the Abelian electric fields as an asymptotic field. The mass generation of the Abelian electric fields is related to a gluon condensate $<A^a_{\mu}A^a_{\mu}>\neq 0$ of mass dimension 2.