Three dimensional vacuum domains in four dimensional SU(2) gluodynamics

TL;DR

This paper presents lattice simulation evidence for three-dimensional vacuum domains in four-dimensional SU(2) gluodynamics, suggesting a link to confinement phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method to identify three-dimensional domains via negative link density in Z(2) projection, connecting these domains to confinement.

Findings

Existence of three-dimensional domains with volume scaling in physical units

Domains are defined by minimal negative link density in Z(2) projection

Potential relation between these domains and confinement mechanisms

Abstract

Performing lattice simulations of the four dimensional SU(2)gluodynamics we find evidence for existence of three-dimensional domains whose total volume scales in physical units. Technically, the domains are defined in terms of the minimal density of negative links in Z(2) projection of gauge fields. The volume can be viewed also as the minimal volume bound by the center vortices. We argue that the three-dimensional domains are closely related to confinement.