Lattice QCD at non-vanishing density: phase diagram, equation of state

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method for studying lattice QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential, identifying the critical endpoint and calculating key thermodynamic quantities.

Contribution

It presents a novel approach to explore the QCD phase diagram at non-zero density using dynamical staggered quarks on finite lattices.

Findings

Locates the critical endpoint of QCD in the - ext{T} plane.

Calculates pressure, energy density, and baryon density at finite T and .

Provides insights into the QCD phase structure at non-zero density.

Abstract

We propose a method to study lattice QCD at non-vanishing temperature (T) and chemical potential (\mu). We use n_f=2+1 dynamical staggered quarks with semi-realistic masses on L_t=4 lattices. The critical endpoint (E) of QCD on the Re(\mu)-T plane is located. We calculate the pressure (p), the energy density (\epsilon) and the baryon density (n_B) of QCD at non-vanishing T and \mu.