Evidence for the reality of singular configurations in SU(2) gauge theory

TL;DR

This paper provides numerical evidence that singular center vortex configurations in SU(2) gauge theory persist in the continuum limit and are crucial for understanding the theory's non-perturbative structure.

Contribution

It demonstrates that simple center vortices remain relevant in the continuum limit and influence confinement-related observables in SU(2) gauge theory.

Findings

Center vortices persist in the continuum limit.

Configurations without vortices do not produce confinement signals.

Singular configurations are integral to the continuum gauge theory.

Abstract

We consider the SU(2) lattice gauge model and investigate numerically the continuum limit of the simple center vortices which are singular configurations of the gauge fields. We found that the vortices remain alive in the continuum theory. Also we investigate the Creutz ratio and found that for all $\beta$ it vanishes for those field configurations which do not contain the simple center vortices inside the considered Wilson loop. It leads us to the conclusion that these singular field configurations play a real role in the continuum theory.