Measurement of the Proton Structure Function F2 and of the Total Photon-Proton Cross Section sigma(tot) at Very Low Q2 and Very Low x

TL;DR

This paper reports measurements of the proton structure function F2 and the total photon-proton cross section at very low Q2 and x, extending previous data with improved background suppression and systematic control.

Contribution

It provides new measurements of F2 at very low Q2 and x, utilizing enhanced detector techniques and refined Monte Carlo simulations for better accuracy.

Findings

Extended the kinematic range of F2 measurements to lower Q2 and x.

Achieved improved background suppression and systematic uncertainties.

Enhanced Monte Carlo modeling of the hadronic final state.

Abstract

The proton structure function F2 has been measured in the range 0.045 GeV2 < Q2 < 0.65 GeV2 and 6*10**-7 < x < 1*10**-3 using 3.9 pb-1 of ep->eX reactions recorded with the ZEUS detector in 1997. The analysis is based on data from the Beam Pipe Calorimeter (BPC) and the Beam Pipe Tracker (BPT). Compared to our previous analysis, the BPT permits improved background suppression and better control of systematic uncertainties, allowing the extension of the kinematic region of the measurement towards lower Q2 as well as higher and lower y. Significant improvements have also been achieved in the simulation of the hadronic final state via a mixture of samples of non-diffractive and diffractive Monte Carlo events, generated by the programs DJANGO and RAPGAP.