Observation of the decay Upsilon(4S) -> Upsilon(1S) pi+ pi-

TL;DR

This study observes the decay Upsilon(4S) to Upsilon(1S) pi+ pi- using Belle data, measuring its branching fraction and decay width, providing new insights into bottomonium transitions.

Contribution

First observation of the Upsilon(4S) to Upsilon(1S) pi+ pi- decay with quantitative measurements of its branching fraction and decay width.

Findings

Observed a peak at Delta M = 1119.2 MeV/c^2 indicating the decay.

Measured the product branching fraction as (4.4 +/- 0.8 +/- 0.6) x 10^{-6}.

Determined the decay width as (3.7 +/- 0.6 +/- 0.7) keV.

Abstract

We study transitions between Upsilon states with the emission of charged pions using 477 fb^{-1} of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider. We select inclusive Upsilon(4S) -> mu+ mu- pi+ pi- X events (where X represents anything) and observe a peak in the distribution of the mass difference Delta M = (M(mu+mu-pi+pi-) -M(mu+mu-)). This peak, at Delta M = (1119.2 +/- 0.4) MeV/c^2, is identified as a signal for the decay Upsilon(4S) -> Upsilon(1S) pi+ pi- with a subsequent transition Upsilon(1S) -> mu+ mu-. The measured product branching fraction BR(Upsilon(4S) -> Upsilon(1S) pi+ pi-) x BR(Upsilon(1S) -> mu+mu-)=(4.4 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 0.6(sys.)) x 10^{-6}. When the PDG value for BR(Upsilon(1S) -> mu+mu-) is used, this corresponds to BR(Upsilon(4S) -> Upsilon(1S) pi+ pi-) = (1.8 +/- 0.3(stat.) +/- 0.2(sys.)) x 10^{-4} and a partial decay width Gamma(Upsilon(4S) -> Upsilon(1S) pi+ pi-)=(3.7 +/- 0.6(stat.) +/- 0.7(sys.)) keV.