A Search for Neutrinos from the Solar hep Reaction and the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

TL;DR

This paper reports on a search for solar hep neutrinos and the diffuse supernova neutrino background using Sudbury Neutrino Observatory data, setting new upper limits on their fluxes and improving previous constraints significantly.

Contribution

The study provides the first upper limits on hep neutrino flux and the electron neutrino component of the DSNB, with substantial improvements over previous limits.

Findings

No significant hep neutrino events observed, setting an upper flux limit of 2.3x10^4 cm^-2s^-1.

No DSNB neutrino events detected, establishing an upper flux limit of 70 cm^-2s^-1.

Significant improvement over previous upper limits on both hep and DSNB neutrino fluxes.

Abstract

A search has been made for neutrinos from the hep reaction in the Sun and from the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) using data collected during the first operational phase of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, with an exposure of 0.65 kilotonne-years. For the hep neutrino search, two events are observed in the effective electron energy range of 14.3 MeV <T_eff< 20 MeV where 3.1 background events are expected. After accounting for neutrino oscillations, an upper limit of 2.3x10^4 cm^-2s^-1 at the 90% confidence level is inferred on the integral total flux of hep neutrinos. For DSNB neutrinos, no events are observed in the effective electron energy range of 21 MeV <T_eff< 35 MeV and, consequently, an upper limit on the nu_e component of the DSNB flux in the neutrino energy range of 22.9 MeV <E_nu< 36.9 MeV of 70 cm^-2s^-1 is inferred at the 90% confidence level. This is an improvement by a factor of 6.5 on the previous best upper limit on the hep neutrino flux and by two orders of magnitude on the previous upper limit on the $\nu_e$ component of the DSNB flux.