Experimental Results on the Diffractive Production of Light Vector Mesons at HERA

TL;DR

This paper reports experimental findings on the diffractive production of light vector mesons at HERA, analyzing polarization, spin-density matrices, and scaling behaviors to understand the underlying production mechanisms.

Contribution

It provides new experimental data on vector meson polarization, spin-density matrices, and Pomeron trajectories, offering constraints for models of vacuum-exchange processes.

Findings

Polarization and spin-density matrix elements are measured.

Flavor symmetry observed in phi/rho ratios at high momentum transfer.

Hard scaling behavior in semi-exclusive photoproduction challenges QCD helicity rules.

Abstract

We discuss results on the diffractive production of the vector mesons rho, phi and omega reported by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations at HERA. Unique to such studies is the experimental accessibility to the polarization of the vector mesons and hence to the spin-density matrix elements arising in vacuum-exchange processes. We emphasize the relation between the observed dependence on momentum transfer and the polarization state of the vector meson. The diffractive nature of the production mechanism is investigated via extraction of the Pomeron trajectory at high Q^2. Flavor symmetry is observed in the phi/rho ratios in the same region of momentum transfer where the power-law scaling becomes similar. The multivariable helicity analyses impose stringent constraints on models for the vacuum-exchange production mechanism. Semi-exclusive photoproduction of transverse rho and phi mesons at momentum transfers far exceeding their mass scale exhibit a hard scaling behavior which appears to violate the QCD helicity selection rules in a two-gluon exchange model.