Gravitational wave astronomy

TL;DR

This paper reviews the current state and future prospects of gravitational wave astronomy, including detector development, sources, and astrophysical insights across a wide frequency spectrum.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of gravitational wave theory, detector sensitivity advancements, and potential astrophysical sources for upcoming observations.

Findings

Detection of gravitational waves will revolutionize physics and astronomy.

Development of ground and space detectors will enable new observations.

Sources like binary black holes and neutron stars are key targets.

Abstract

The first decade of the new millenium should see the first direct detections of gravitational waves. This will be a milestone for fundamental physics and it will open the new observational science of gravitational wave astronomy. But gravitational waves already play an important role in the modeling of astrophysical systems. I review here the present state of gravitational radiation theory in relativity and astrophysics, and I then look at the development of detector sensitivity over the next decade, both on the ground (such as LIGO) and in space (LISA). I review the sources of gravitational waves that are likely to play an important role in observations by first- and second-generation interferometers, including the astrophysical information that will come from these observations. The review covers some 10 decades of gravitational wave frequency, from the high-frequency normal modes of neutron stars down to the lowest frequencies observable from space. The discussion of sources includes recent developments regarding binary black holes, spinning neutron stars, and the stochastic background.