Brans-Dicke-type theories and avoidance of the cosmological singularity

TL;DR

This paper investigates Brans-Dicke-type theories of gravity and demonstrates that for certain parameter ranges, the cosmological singularity present in Einstein frame formulations is absent in the Jordan frame, with implications for string theory.

Contribution

It shows that the cosmological singularity is avoided in the Jordan frame for specific Brans-Dicke parameter ranges, extending understanding of frame equivalence and singularity resolution.

Findings

Singularity removed in Jordan frame for -3/2 < ω ≤ -4/3

Frame equivalence implications for cosmological models

Potential relevance to string theory scenarios

Abstract

We tudy flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology in Brans-Dicke-type theories of gravitation with minimal coupling between the scalar field and the matter fields in the Einstein frame (general relativity with an extra scalar field) for arbitrary values of the Brans-Dicke parameter $\omega>-{3/2}$. It is shown that the cosmological singularity occuring in the Einstein frame formulation of this theory is removed in the Jordan frame in the range $-{3/2}<\omega<\leq-{4/3}$. This result is interpreted in the ligth of a viewpoint (first presented in reference gr-qc/9905071) asserting that both Jordan frame and Einstein frame formulations of general relativity are physically equivalent. The implications of the obtained result for string theory are outlined.