Cosmological model in 5D, stationarity, yes or no

TL;DR

This paper explores a five-dimensional cosmological model with a dynamic extra dimension and static external space, analyzing how variations in fundamental constants relate to spacecraft data.

Contribution

It introduces a 5D cosmological framework with a variable extra dimension and applies it to interpret spacecraft observations.

Findings

Variations in light velocity, gravity constant, mass, and pressure are derived.

Spacecraft data are analyzed within this 5D model.

The model offers explanations for observed anomalies.

Abstract

We consider cosmological model in 4+1 dimensions with variable scale factor in extra dimension and static external space. The time scale factor is changing. Variations of light velocity, gravity constant, mass and pressure are determined with four-dimensional projection of this space-time. Data obtained by space probes Pioneer 10/11 and Ulysses are analyzed within the framework of this model.