Gravitational Collapse of Perfect Fluid

TL;DR

This paper investigates the gravitational collapse of perfect fluid spheres, revealing how self-similarity influences black hole formation, with detailed analysis of the effects of matter shells on the collapse process.

Contribution

It provides new insights into how self-similarity affects black hole formation and the role of matter shells in gravitational collapse of perfect fluids.

Findings

Self-similar collapse leads to zero-mass black hole formation.

Non-self-similar collapse results in finite-mass black holes.

Matter shells influence the dynamics of the collapse.

Abstract

The spherical gravitational collapse of a compact packet consisting of perfect fluid is studied. The spacetime outside the fluid packet is described by the out-going Vaidya radiation fluid. It is found that when the collapse has continuous self-similarity the formation of black holes always starts with zero mass, and when the collapse has no self-similarity, the formation of black holes always starts with a finite non-zero mass. The packet is usually accompanied by a thin matter shell. The effects of the shell on the collapse are also studied.