Spacetime Embedding Diagrams for Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how to embed the radial plane of a Kruskal black hole into 2+1 Minkowski space, providing visual tools to aid education on black hole features for students with special relativity background.

Contribution

It introduces a method to embed the Kruskal black hole's radial plane in Minkowski space, enhancing educational visualization of black hole spacetime.

Findings

Embedding diagrams reveal black hole features visually.

The approach aids teaching of black hole concepts.

Educational tool for students familiar with special relativity.

Abstract

We show that the 1+1 dimensional reduction (i.e., the radial plane) of the Kruskal black hole can be embedded in 2+1 Minkowski spacetime and discuss how features of this spacetime can be seen from the embedding diagram. The purpose of this work is educational: The associated embedding diagrams may be useful for explaining aspects of black holes to students who are familiar with special relativity, but not general relativity.